The Story Of Lean Production Toyota s Secret Weapon

Book Summary In the book â€Å"The Story of Lean Production – Toyota’s Secret Weapon in the Global Car Wars That is Revolutionizing World Industry†, published in 2007, James P. Womack, Daniel T. Jones, and Daniel Roos generally introduce and discuss about three worldwide industrial manufacturing methods from the very first approach to the most current one, which are craft production, mass production, and lean production respectively. The Industry of Industries in Transition. they look through the history of the automobile manufacturing by spelling out Henry Ford and Alfred Sloan, who left behind the old-fashioned type of production, craft production, and began a new age of the world manufacture with mass production. Also, they mention about Eiji Toyoda and Taiichi Ohno, who initially started the conception, â€Å"lean production†, which, nowadays, has been seeking by manufacturers of all kinds of industries on over the world. In addition, the writers provide a quick view in the comparison among craft production, mass production, and lean production in which they point out the drawbacks of craft production, the obstacles of mass production, and the advantages of lean production. The authors emphasize that no lean manufacturer has ever reached the ideal target of lean production, but they will continuously attempt to gain the perfections of lean production. This section, additionally, represents the impact o f lean production on the professional careers and the working conditions ofShow MoreRelatedLean Operations - Dell2583 Words   |  11 PagesLean Operations Today - Case of Dell Computers Co. - [pic] Instructor: C. 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Binomial Table for n10 and n 11

Of all discrete random variables, one of the most important due to its applications is a binomial random variable.   The binomial distribution, which gives the probabilities for the values of this type of variable, is completely determined by two parameters: n   and p.   Here n is the number of trials and p is the probability of success on that trial.   The tables below are for n 10 and 11.   The probabilities in each are rounded to three decimal places. We should always ask if a binomial distribution should be used.  Ã‚   In order to use a binomial distribution, we should check and see that the following conditions are met: We have a finite number of observations or trials.The outcome of teach trial can be classified as either a success or a failure.The probability of success remains constant.The observations are independent of one another. The binomial distribution gives the probability of r successes in an experiment with a total of n independent trials, each having probability of success p.  Ã‚   Probabilities are calculated by the formula C(n, r)pr(1 - p)n - r where C(n, r) is the formula for combinations. The table is arranged by the values of p and of r.   There is a different table for each value of n.   Other Tables For other binomial distribution tables we have n 2 to 6, n 7 to 9. For situations in which np   and n(1 - p) are greater than or equal to 10, we can use the normal approximation to the binomial distribution.   In this case the approximation is very good, and does not require the calculation of binomial coefficients.   This provides a great advantage because these binomial calculations can be quite involved. Example The following example from genetics will illustrate how to use the table.   Suppose that we know the probability that an offspring will inherit two copies of a recessive gene (and hence end up with the recessive trait) is 1/4.   We want to calculate the probability that a certain number of children in a ten member family possesses this trait.   Let X be the number of children with this trait.   We look at the table for n 10 and the column with p 0.25, and see the following column: .056, .188, .282, .250, .146, .058, .016, .003 This means for our example that P(X 0) 5.6%, which is the probability that none of the children has the recessive trait.P(X 1) 18.8%, which is the probability that one of the children has the recessive trait.P(X 2) 28.2%, which is the probability that two of the children have the recessive trait.P(X 3) 25.0%, which is the probability that three of the children have the recessive trait.P(X 4) 14.6%, which is the probability that four of the children have the recessive trait.P(X 5) 5.8%, which is the probability that five of the children have the recessive trait.P(X 6) 1.6%, which is the probability that six of the children have the recessive trait.P(X 7) 0.3%, which is the probability that seven of the children have the recessive trait. Tables for n 10 to n 11 n 10 p .01 .05 .10 .15 .20 .25 .30 .35 .40 .45 .50 .55 .60 .65 .70 .75 .80 .85 .90 .95 r 0 .904 .599 .349 .197 .107 .056 .028 .014 .006 .003 .001 .000 .000 .000 .000 .000 .000 .000 .000 .000 1 .091 .315 .387 .347 .268 .188 .121 .072 .040 .021 .010 .004 .002 .000 .000 .000 .000 .000 .000 .000 2 .004 .075 .194 .276 .302 .282 .233 .176 .121 .076 .044 .023 .011 .004 .001 .000 .000 .000 .000 .000 3 .000 .010 .057 .130 .201 .250 .267 .252 .215 .166 .117 .075 .042 .021 .009 .003 .001 .000 .000 .000 4 .000 .001 .011 .040 .088 .146 .200 .238 .251 .238 .205 .160 .111 .069 .037 .016 .006 .001 .000 .000 5 .000 .000 .001 .008 .026 .058 .103 .154 .201 .234 .246 .234 .201 .154 .103 .058 .026 .008 .001 .000 6 .000 .000 .000 .001 .006 .016 .037 .069 .111 .160 .205 .238 .251 .238 .200 .146 .088 .040 .011 .001 7 .000 .000 .000 .000 .001 .003 .009 .021 .042 .075 .117 .166 .215 .252 .267 .250 .201 .130 .057 .010 8 .000 .000 .000 .000 .000 .000 .001 .004 .011 .023 .044 .076 .121 .176 .233 .282 .302 .276 .194 .075 9 .000 .000 .000 .000 .000 .000 .000 .000 .002 .004 .010 .021 .040 .072 .121 .188 .268 .347 .387 .315 10 .000 .000 .000 .000 .000 .000 .000 .000 .000 .000 .001 .003 .006 .014 .028 .056 .107 .197 .349 .599 n 11 p .01 .05 .10 .15 .20 .25 .30 .35 .40 .45 .50 .55 .60 .65 .70 .75 .80 .85 .90 .95 r 0 .895 .569 .314 .167 .086 .042 .020 .009 .004 .001 .000 .000 .000 .000 .000 .000 .000 .000 .000 .000 1 .099 .329 .384 .325 .236 .155 .093 .052 .027 .013 .005 .002 .001 .000 .000 .000 .000 .000 .000 .000 2 .005 .087 .213 .287 .295 .258 .200 .140 .089 .051 .027 .013 .005 .002 .001 .000 .000 .000 .000 .000 3 .000 .014 .071 .152 .221 .258 .257 .225 .177 .126 .081 .046 .023 .010 .004 .001 .000 .000 .000 .000 4 .000 .001 .016 .054 .111 .172 .220 .243 .236 .206 .161 .113 .070 .038 .017 .006 .002 .000 .000 .000 5 .000 .000 .002 .013 .039 .080 .132 .183 .221 .236 .226 .193 .147 .099 .057 .027 .010 .002 .000 .000 6 .000 .000 .000 .002 .010 .027 .057 .099 .147 .193 .226 .236 .221 .183 .132 .080 .039 .013 .002 .000 7 .000 .000 .000 .000 .002 .006 .017 .038 .070 .113 .161 .206 .236 .243 .220 .172 .111 .054 .016 .001 8 .000 .000 .000 .000 .000 .001 .004 .010 .023 .046 .081 .126 .177 .225 .257 .258 .221 .152 .071 .014 9 .000 .000 .000 .000 .000 .000 .001 .002 .005 .013 .027 .051 .089 .140 .200 .258 .295 .287 .213 .087 10 .000 .000 .000 .000 .000 .000 .000 .000 .001 .002 .005 .013 .027 .052 .093 .155 .236 .325 .384 .329 11 .000 .000 .000 .000 .000 .000 .000 .000 .000 .000 .000 .001 .004 .009 .020 .042 .086 .167 .314 .569

The Doctrine Of God The Justification For God - 1566 Words

Since the dawn of history, people have passed on the belief that there is an outer worldly being who holds the power of the world. Whether it is Allah for the Muslims, Brahman for the Hindus, or God for Christians, it seems the notion of God is imbedded deep in the history of many different ethnicities and backgrounds. According to some studies a belief in a deity is innate, we are essentially hardwired to believe in God. Even from a young age we are taught â€Å"there is something more out there†, but is there? What proof is there? Has one every seen God? Is it ignorant to simply believe in something that has no proof? It is questions like these that has plagued and divided philosophers throughout the last century. From Plato and Aquinus, to Hume and Pascal, philosophers have quarreled over the justifications for God, some sticking to pure logic while others abide by their rigid religious upbringing. Though both sides have very convincing points rooted in tricky language and extensive webs of thought some philosophers have thought to take a different approach: fideism. Fideism is the â€Å"exclusive or basic reliance upon faith alone, accompanied by a consequent disparagement of reason and utilized especially in the pursuit of philosophical or religious truth† according to Alvin Plantinga. In Lameman’s terms: faith. Fideism is the justification for belief in God without evidence. For fideists the end goal is truth; which in some cases can only be obtained by faith and not byShow MoreRelatedThe Doctrine Of Salvation And Grace1327 Words   |  6 PagesSoteriology and the relation to the Doctrine of Salvation and Grace (Free Grace). Soteriology is â€Å"the study of the doctrine of salvation.† Basically, the teaching of Soteriology is part of Systematic Theology. This paper will approach each aspect of God Divine decrees, from a biblical standpoint and His plan of salvation. The working of God’s plan includes three periods in time: †¢ Eternity Past †¢ Earth’s History †¢ Eternity Future (Citing: Page 1, The Biblical Doctrine of Salvation, Tim Hegg) Read MoreChristianity: Justification by Faith Essay1244 Words   |  5 PagesINTRODUCTION Justification by faith is viewed by Christians as one of the greatest gifts from God given to the sons of Adams lost race. Nothing can compare to the God given gift. Since the beginning of the church however, the doctrine justification has been quite an issue. For many years, scholars have been researching justification, the basis, as well as the ways to attain it. Once the definition was defined, the problem that scholars faced was the outcomes that followed it. In order for oneRead MoreMartin Luther s The Doctrine Of Justification905 Words   |  4 PagesLuther took issue with and criticized was the church’s understanding of the doctrine of justification. This paper will focus on Luther’s understanding of the holy scriptures. The doctrine of justification was misinterpreted and misunderstood by the Catholics from the early centuries to 1517 when Martin Luther redefined and explained the term using scripture references and as the result changed Christianity. The word justification is mentioned in several passages in the Bible; both in the Old and the NewRead MoreThe Doctrine Of Justification By Faith932 Words   |  4 PagesThe Doctrine of Justification has been a vital teaching throughout the history of Christianity and it is the fulcrum upon which the Church balances; even minor tweaking could result in drastic changes to our core beliefs. This Doctrine can be summarized to say that Justification is God’s declaration, that only through faith in his son’s suffering are we saved and are righteous in God’s sight. This teaching is as old as our religion and we can see this through its expression from both old and newRead More3. The Reformed Understanding Of Faith In Calvin: The Uniting1739 Words   |  7 Pages3. 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As a result, several religious revivals sprung forth as the colonists in America desired a deeper, meaningful personal relationship with God which promised eternal salvation by one’s faith alone. In other words; The Great Awakening’s introduction of moderate Calvinism caused a crusade to change how religious doctrine had been taught and how people believedRead MoreFive Solae Essay1392 Words   |  6 PagesThe pope does not intend to remit, and cannot remit any penalties other than those which he has imposed either by his own authority or by that of the Canons. Nonetheless, Martin Luther was not the only re former of his time. â€Å"The gospel is not a doctrine of the tongue, but of life. It cannot be grasped by reason and memory only, but it is fully understood when it possesses the whole soul and penetrates to the inner recesses of the heart.† John Calvin was an extremely pivotal French reformer, theologianRead MoreThe Doctrine Of Salvation And Salvation1074 Words   |  5 PagesDOCTRINE OF SALVATION INTRODUCTION This week we have studied soteriology or the doctrine of salvation. Salvation must be grounded in the work of Christ and is how God saves what was lost to sin and death and restores life. Salvation is called many things, i.e. redemption, resurrection, victory, peace, rebirth, or ransom. However, the New Testament contains two primary descriptions of salvation, the arrival of God’s kingdom and justification of the ungodly by faith in Christ. (Lecture 2). This paper

Managing Human Resources for Development -myassignmenthelp.com

Question: Discuss about theManaging Human Resourcesfor Training and Development. Answer: Introduction The report takes into consideration the case study in which the discussion is made on two hospitals. One is the hospital in which HRM activities are not taken into consideration and one hospital is that in which the HRM activities are considered. The report gives emphasis on the problems which should be resolved effectively so that the company can achieve its goals and objectives in effective manner. It gives main focus on the characteristics of HRM which can create smooth working if it is implemented in the organization. Human Resource management HRM is a connection of human resources with the strategic goals and objectives which enhances the culture of the organization and also enhances the overall performance of the business. If the performance is maintained in effective way then the organization can innovate and enhances the flexibility in effective way. HRM is concerned with the smooth implementing the strategies and also the activities which are included in HRM are selection, training and development. HRM gives support to the organization and also gives data about the strengths and weaknesses which are prevailing in the organization (Armstrong Taylor, 2014). Actions taken to enhance HRM There are many threats which the company faced for many actions which are taken into consideration for the purpose of improvement. The basic problems is faced in the policies and procedures so in this case the CEO or the head manager should see that the policies and procedures are clearly defined to the customers and also it should be in written form. The document which is made should be reliable and also accurate so that the employees cannot face any problem and can work in effective manner. Also the company should take into consideration the procedure to record the complaints of the employees by this the employee can work in effective way and can achieve their goals and objectives effectively (Knowles, Holton III Swanson, 2014).The manager or CEO should see that the complaints of the employees can be resolved in effective way and also there should be no conflicts between the customers. To minimize the absentees in the organization the manager or the CEO of the organization should take into consideration various motivational techniques which can encourage the employees to give their best. By this not only the performance is enhanced but also the company can easily achieve its profitability. The company should also provide promotional and flexible timings so that the employees feel good to work and give their best towards the work. Shortage of staff is also a main problem which the organization faces. It can give a major loss to the organization and also it can give negative impact on the goodwill of the organization. To reduce this problem the company has to give main focus on the management skills and also should give emphasis on recruiting employees who can give best results towards the organization (Bamberger, Biron Meshoulam, 2014). Features to create a sustainable HR capability Sustainability means to fulfill the needs and wants of the present without giving impact on the future outcomes. By taking into consideration HRM a linkage is made between the strategies which are given by the company and also with the human resources of the organization. The CEO of the organization and the management team plays a great role in establishing and maintaining relation with other employees of the organization (Storey, 2014).To construct a sustainable HRM the following characteristics can be taken into consideration: Change in culture strategy: By taking into consideration these strategies the manager has a training to deal with the employees who are working in the organization. It helps the manager to understand the working culture of the organization and also helps to enhance the level of satisfaction of the employees. Strategy based on service: By taking into consideration these strategies it is seen that employees should be provided services like vacation package, heath care package and also beauty care services so that they feel motivated and conduct their task in effective way (Purce, 2014). Strategy which is based on information: This strategy is concerned with the employees in this they are given intranet and also gives them assistance of relocation. It is necessary that every employee should have information which is concerned with the organization. It is essential so that the employees can work effectively and efficiently (Shafritz, Ott Jang, 2015). Strategy which is on monetary basis: By taking into consideration this strategy it is necessary that to each employee the monetary benefits should be given so that they can feel motivated and conduct their task in effective manner. By providing vouchers and also various other benefits enhances the level of satisfaction of the customers. Strategy based on time: By taking into consideration this strategy it is very important that the organization should set the working hours according to the employees. So that they can work in effective manner and give their best (Kehoe Wright, 2013). The HR practices that are sustainable enhance the motivation of the employees and also give training that develops the knowledge of employees. It motivate them to work for a long time in the organization and give them with accurate compensation which give positive impact and enhances the performance level of the employees (Beardwell Thompson, 2014). Conclusion The HRM function and the organization should be taken into consideration differently to resolve the problems in effective way. The sustainable HR gives direct impact on the performance of the employees and on the functions which are concerned with HR. HR is very essential for the organization to achieve the growth and also for implementing the strategies. The report gives proper evaluation of the HRM and also to take into consideration different policies and strategies which are beneficial for the organization. References Armstrong, M., Taylor, S. (2014).Armstrong's handbook of human resource management practice. Kogan Page Publishers. Bamberger, P. A., Biron, M., Meshoulam, I. (2014).Human resource strategy: Formulation, implementation, and impact. Routledge. Beardwell, J., Thompson, A. (2014).Human resource management: a contemporary approach. Pearson Education. Kehoe, R. R., Wright, P. M. (2013). The impact of high-performance human resource practices on employees attitudes and behaviors.Journal of management,39(2), 366-391. Knowles, M. S., Holton III, E. F., Swanson, R. A. (2014).The adult learner: The definitive classic in adult education and human resource development. Routledge. Purce, J. (2014). The impact of corporate strategy on human resource management.New Perspectives on Human Resource Management (Routledge Revivals),67. Shafritz, J. M., Ott, J. S., Jang, Y. S. (2015).Classics of organization theory. Cengage Learning. Storey, J. (2014).New Perspectives on Human Resource Management (Routledge Revivals). Routledge.